Gmail accepts huge volumes from senders it trusts. From new IPs, it's brutal.
What Gmail wants:
- Connection rate: 20/s sustained for warm IPs (drop to 5/s during warming).
- Message rate: 250/s per IP for warm; 50/s warming.
- Connection reuse — pipeline many messages per TCP session (
idle_timeout = 60s). - DKIM signing with 2048-bit key, aligned with From.
- DMARC
p=quarantineorp=rejectfor bulk senders sending >5000/day (Yahoo+Gmail joint requirement). - One-click unsubscribe (RFC 8058) on every bulk message.
- Maintain complaint rate <0.3% (visible in Postmaster Tools).
KumoMTA shape:
["gmail.com"]
connection_limit = 20
max_connection_rate = "20/s"
max_message_rate = "250/s"
idle_timeout = "60s"
ehlo_domain = "mail.example.com"
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